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What is a healthy seagrass meadow? Indicators of condition

Shoot density, depth limit, leaf epiphytes: the measurements that tell a thriving meadow from a declining one.

Introductory 6 min read

Natura 2000 and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive: how they connect

Two pieces of EU law already protect marine habitats. How the Nature Restoration Law builds on them.

Intermediate 6 min read

Coralligenous reefs: slow builders under pressure

Built by calcareous algae over centuries, coralligenous reefs host a large share of Mediterranean species. What threatens them.

Intermediate 7 min read

Choosing where to restore: a prioritisation workflow

Combining habitat maps, pressures, costs and feasibility to rank candidate restoration sites.

Advanced 8 min read

Writing the marine part of a national restoration plan

What a national restoration plan needs to say about marine habitats, and which evidence supports each part.

Advanced 9 min read

The Nature Restoration Law and marine habitats

What the EU Nature Restoration Law asks for at sea, and where habitat maps and restoration plans fit in.

Introductory 6 min read

Showcase: citing scientific papers

Four real papers on seagrass, catalogued from their DOI: how they appear in a page, in the sources box and on their own catalogue page.

Intermediate 5 min read

Cost-benefit analysis for a restoration project

Comparing what a project costs with what it returns over time, and the choices hidden in a discount rate.

Advanced 8 min read

Working with fishers and local economies

Restoration changes how a coast is used. Involving fishers and local businesses early makes projects last.

Introductory 5 min read

Marine spatial planning and restoration priorities

Every stretch of sea has competing uses. How maritime spatial plans can reserve room for restoration.

Intermediate 7 min read

Maerl beds: living gravel and why it matters

Maerl looks like pink gravel but is a living habitat that grows a fraction of a millimetre a year.

Introductory 5 min read

Valuing the ecosystem services of marine habitats

Coastal protection, fish nurseries, carbon storage: how the benefits of healthy habitats are described and valued.

Intermediate 7 min read

Climate change and marine habitat recovery

Warming water moves the goalposts of restoration. How to plan for the conditions a site will have, not the ones it had.

Advanced 8 min read

Funding marine restoration: EU instruments and blended finance

LIFE, regional funds, research programmes and private investment: where the money for restoration comes from.

Introductory 6 min read

Engaging stakeholders in coastal restoration

Who to involve, when, and how to keep them involved after the ribbon is cut.

Introductory 5 min read

Monitoring budgets: planning the long tail of costs

Monitoring is often the first line cut and the one that decides whether a project can be judged at all.

Intermediate 5 min read

Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages: a systematic review

Systematic review of coralligenous bioconstructions in the Tyrrhenian and Ligurian seas. Keyword tag: CORALLIGENOUS.

Seagrass meadow restoration in the Adriatic Sea

Restoration of Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows via transplantation in the northern Adriatic. Keyword tag: ZOSTERA.

Copernicus Marine Service

Ocean temperature, currents and water quality for Europe, from satellites and models.

Indicators of seagrass meadow condition: a review (sample)

Which measurements tell a healthy meadow from a declining one, and how comparable they are across seas.

Marine restoration handbook (MERCES, sample)

Practical guidance on restoring seagrass, macroalgal forests and coralligenous habitats, with costs and lessons learnt.

Marine Strategy Framework Directive: good environmental status (sample guide)

How the eleven descriptors of good environmental status relate to habitat restoration.

Natura 2000 network viewer

Map of protected sites across the EU, including marine sites and the habitats they protect.

European Maritime Spatial Planning Platform

National maritime spatial plans, practices and contacts across EU countries.

Protecting a maerl bed off Brittany (sample case study)

How trawling restrictions and monitoring were combined to protect a slow-growing maerl bed.

Financing marine restoration in Europe: a survey of instruments (sample)

Public funds, private investment and blended finance used for marine restoration projects so far.